The experiment was conducted at Bako agricultural research center to evaluate the effect of EM2 and urea treated finger millet straw supplemented with concentrate mix on feed intake, milk yield and composition of crossbred dairy cows. Four cows of same milk yield, body weight, stage of lactation, but differing parities were arranged in 4x4 Latin square design. The animals were provided with natural grass hay (T1), untreated finger millet straw (T2), EM2 treated finger millet straw (T3) and urea treated finger millet straw (T4) diet ad libitum and all treatments were supplemented with concentrate mix. Results of chemical analysis of the treated finger millet straw showed that the treated straw had good nutritive value. The daily dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) intakes were significantly (P<0.001) different among the treatments with the highest intake observed for cows fed EM2 and urea treated finger millet straw (T3 and T4). Milk yields varied significantly among the dietary treatments with the lower mean milk yield recorded for cows in T1 and T2 as compared to those in T3 and T4. This study indicated that EM2 and urea treated finger millet straw diet increased the net return. Feeding EM2 and urea treated finger millet straw with concentrate mix was found to be an effective approach to maximize the utilization of locally available feed resources for relatively high animal productivity during the dry season for small scale dairy keepers in rural areas. Therefore, the result demonstrated that EM2 and urea treated finger millet straw had better feeding value as compared to untreated finger millet straw and natural grass hay for lactating crossbred dairy cows.
| Published in | International Journal of Agricultural Economics (Volume 6, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijae.20210603.14 |
| Page(s) | 116-121 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Crossbred, Effective Microbe, Finger Millet Straw, Natural Grass Hay and Urea
| [1] | Abebaw Nega, 2007. Effects of supplementation with rice bran, noug seed (Guizotia abyssinica) cake and their mixtures on feed utilization and live weight change of farta sheep. An MSc Thesis Presented to the School of Graduate Studies of Haramaya University. 92p. |
| [2] | AOAC (Association of Analytical Chemist), 1990. Official methods of Analysis. 15th edition. AOAC Inc, Arlington, Virginia, USA. |
| [3] | AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists), 1995. Official Methods of Analysis. pp. 5-13. (16th edition), Washington DC, USA. |
| [4] | Arelovich HM, Abney CS, Vizcarra JA, Galyean PASM (2008). Effects of Dietary Neutral Detergent Fiber on Intakes of Dry Matter and Net Energy by Dairy and Beef Cattle: Analysis of Published Data. The Professional Animal Scientis, 24: 375–383. |
| [5] | CIMMYT, 1985. From Agronomic Data to Farmers Recommendations. Economics Programme. Mexico. 32p. |
| [6] | CIMMYT, 1988. Agronomic Data to Farmer Recommendations: An Economics Training Manual. Completely Revised Edition. Mexico. 178p. |
| [7] | Ewnetu Ermias, 1999. Between and with in breed variations in feed intake and fat deposition, and genetic associations of these with some production traits in Menz and Horro sheep. An MSc Thesis Presented to the School of Graduate Studies of Alemaya University. 149p. |
| [8] | Farquharson R J, 2006. Production Response and Input Demand in Decision Making: Nitrogen Fertilizer and Wheat Growers. Australasian Agribusiness Review, 14 (5): 35-43. |
| [9] | Garnsworthy, P. C., 1997. Fats in dairy cow diets. In: P. C. Garnsworthy and J. Wiseman (eds.), Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition. Nottingham. University press. 87p. |
| [10] | Gatenby, R. M., 2002. Sheep, The tropical agriculturalist, Macmillan, Oxford, UK. 144p. |
| [11] | Getachew Asefa, 2005. Evaluation of forage yield and effect of forms of feeding of Acacia salignia on intake and live weight gain of Farta sheep fed on grass hay. An MSc Thesis Presented to the School of Graduate Studies of Alemaya University. 66p. |
| [12] | GetuKitaw, 2006. Replacement of formulated Concentrate mix with Vetch (Viciadasycarpa) hay to Lactating crossbred dairy cows fed on urea treated wheat straw. An MSc Thesis Presented to the School of Graduate Studies of Alemaya University. 44p. |
| [13] | Gusha J, Manyuchi CR, Imbayarwo-Chikosi VE, Hamandishe VR, Katsande S, Zvinorova PI (2014). Production and economic performance of F1-crossbred dairy cattle fed non-conventional protein supplements in Zimbabwe. Tropical animal health and production, 46 (1), pp. 229-234. |
| [14] | Heuze V. and Tran G. (2013). Rice straw. Feedipedia, a pro-gramme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZand FAO. Available at: http://feedipedia.org/node/557. Retrieved on 14/03/2015. |
| [15] | Mahesh M. and Madhu M. 2013. Biological treatment of crop residues for ruminant feeding: A review. African Journal of Biotechnology. Vol. 12 (27), pp. 4221-4231, 3 July, 2013. |
| [16] | Malisetty V., Yerradoddi R. R. and Marrivada S. R. (2013). Effect of feeding crop residues based complete rations on growth in ram lambs. Int. J. Sci. Environ. Technol. 2 (1), 15-19. |
| [17] | McDonald P, Edwards RA, Greenhalgh JFD, Morgan CA (2002). Animal Nutrition (6th edition). Pearson Educational Limited. Edinburgh, Great Britain. 544p. |
| [18] | Milligan, L. P., Journet, M. and Meng, W. J. (1995). Future areas of research and expected advances in the nutrition of herbivores. In: Journet, M. C., Grenet, E., Farce, M. H., Theriez, M. and Demarquilly, C. (Editors) Recent in development in nutrition of herbivores. Proceeding of 4th International symposium on the nutrition of herbivores INRA Edition Paris pp. 587-610. |
| [19] | Mulu M (2005). Effect of feeding different levels of breweries dried grain on live weight gain and carcass characteristics of Wogera sheep fed on hay basal diet. An MSc Thesis Presented to the school of graduate Studies of Alemaya University of Agriculture, Ethiopia. 139p. |
| [20] | Mulugeta A., 2015. Evaluation of effective microbes (EM) treatment on chemical composition of crop residues and performance of crossbred dairy cows). MSc. Thesis, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. 23p. |
| [21] | Peterson, S. J. (2014). Feeding alkaline treated and processed crop residue to feedlot cattle. Thesis and Dissertation in Animal Science paper 93. [http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscidiss/93]. Site visited on 11//12 17. |
| [22] | Russell, J. R., Loy, D. D., Anderson, J. A. and Cecava, M. J. (2011). Potential of chemically treated corn stover and modified distiller grains as partial replacement for corn grain in feedlot diets. Iowa State University Animal Industry Report A. S Leaflet R2586. |
| [23] | SAS (Statistical Analysis System), (2002). SAS Institute Inc, NC, USA. |
| [24] | Shah H, Sharif M, Majid A, Hayat U and Munawar A, 2009: From experimental data to farmer recommendation: an economic analysis of on-farm trial of UMMB feed for milking animals in rain-fed Pothwar, Pakistan. Livestock Research for Rural Development. 21 (117). Retrieved August 11, 2014, from http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd21/8/shah21117.htm |
| [25] | Steinshamn H (2010). Effect of forage legumes on feed intake, milk production and milk quality a review. Animal Science Papers and Reports. 28 (3): 195-206. |
| [26] | Subba Rao A., Prabhu H. U., Seetharam A. and Gowda B. T. S. (1995). Finger Millet. Hand book for straw feeding systems. ICAR, New Delhi, India. |
| [27] | Sudheer Babu A., Srinivasa Rao D., Ramana Reddy Y. and Na-galakshmi D. (2013). Effect of feeding various roughage based processed complete diets on intake and nutrient utilization in ram lambs. Indian J. Anim. Nutr. 30 (3), 252-255. |
| [28] | Tilley, J. M. A. and R. A. Terry, 1963. A two-stage technique for in Vitro digestion of forage crops. Journal of the British Grassland Society, 18: 104. |
| [29] | Umashankar B. C. (2011). Effect of Slow Release Nitrogen Produc on the Performance of Growing Crossbred Calves and Lactating Dairy Cows. Thesis Submitted To The Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar. In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The Award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Animal Nutrition by Umashankar B. Department of Animal Nutrition and Veterinary College, Bangalore Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar September, 2011. |
| [30] | Van Soest, P. J. Nutritional ecology of the Ruminant. Cornell University. O and B Books, Inc. USA, 1982. |
| [31] | Van Soest, P. J. and J. B. Robertson, 1985. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in Relation to animal Nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74: 3583-3597. |
| [32] | Wambui CC, Abdulrazak SA, Noordin Q (2006). The effect of supplementing urea treated maize stover with tithonia, calliandra and sesbania to growing goats. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 18 (5): 64. |
APA Style
Tesfaye Mediksa, Dereje Bekele, Habtamu Aberra, Tesfaye Marsha. (2021). Comparative Evaluation of Urea and Effective Microbes Treated Finger Millet Straw on Feed Intake, Milk Yield and Composition of Lactating Crossbred Dairy Cows at BARC. International Journal of Agricultural Economics, 6(3), 116-121. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20210603.14
ACS Style
Tesfaye Mediksa; Dereje Bekele; Habtamu Aberra; Tesfaye Marsha. Comparative Evaluation of Urea and Effective Microbes Treated Finger Millet Straw on Feed Intake, Milk Yield and Composition of Lactating Crossbred Dairy Cows at BARC. Int. J. Agric. Econ. 2021, 6(3), 116-121. doi: 10.11648/j.ijae.20210603.14
AMA Style
Tesfaye Mediksa, Dereje Bekele, Habtamu Aberra, Tesfaye Marsha. Comparative Evaluation of Urea and Effective Microbes Treated Finger Millet Straw on Feed Intake, Milk Yield and Composition of Lactating Crossbred Dairy Cows at BARC. Int J Agric Econ. 2021;6(3):116-121. doi: 10.11648/j.ijae.20210603.14
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ijae.20210603.14,
author = {Tesfaye Mediksa and Dereje Bekele and Habtamu Aberra and Tesfaye Marsha},
title = {Comparative Evaluation of Urea and Effective Microbes Treated Finger Millet Straw on Feed Intake, Milk Yield and Composition of Lactating Crossbred Dairy Cows at BARC},
journal = {International Journal of Agricultural Economics},
volume = {6},
number = {3},
pages = {116-121},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijae.20210603.14},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20210603.14},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijae.20210603.14},
abstract = {The experiment was conducted at Bako agricultural research center to evaluate the effect of EM2 and urea treated finger millet straw supplemented with concentrate mix on feed intake, milk yield and composition of crossbred dairy cows. Four cows of same milk yield, body weight, stage of lactation, but differing parities were arranged in 4x4 Latin square design. The animals were provided with natural grass hay (T1), untreated finger millet straw (T2), EM2 treated finger millet straw (T3) and urea treated finger millet straw (T4) diet ad libitum and all treatments were supplemented with concentrate mix. Results of chemical analysis of the treated finger millet straw showed that the treated straw had good nutritive value. The daily dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) intakes were significantly (P<0.001) different among the treatments with the highest intake observed for cows fed EM2 and urea treated finger millet straw (T3 and T4). Milk yields varied significantly among the dietary treatments with the lower mean milk yield recorded for cows in T1 and T2 as compared to those in T3 and T4. This study indicated that EM2 and urea treated finger millet straw diet increased the net return. Feeding EM2 and urea treated finger millet straw with concentrate mix was found to be an effective approach to maximize the utilization of locally available feed resources for relatively high animal productivity during the dry season for small scale dairy keepers in rural areas. Therefore, the result demonstrated that EM2 and urea treated finger millet straw had better feeding value as compared to untreated finger millet straw and natural grass hay for lactating crossbred dairy cows.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative Evaluation of Urea and Effective Microbes Treated Finger Millet Straw on Feed Intake, Milk Yield and Composition of Lactating Crossbred Dairy Cows at BARC AU - Tesfaye Mediksa AU - Dereje Bekele AU - Habtamu Aberra AU - Tesfaye Marsha Y1 - 2021/06/16 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20210603.14 DO - 10.11648/j.ijae.20210603.14 T2 - International Journal of Agricultural Economics JF - International Journal of Agricultural Economics JO - International Journal of Agricultural Economics SP - 116 EP - 121 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2575-3843 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20210603.14 AB - The experiment was conducted at Bako agricultural research center to evaluate the effect of EM2 and urea treated finger millet straw supplemented with concentrate mix on feed intake, milk yield and composition of crossbred dairy cows. Four cows of same milk yield, body weight, stage of lactation, but differing parities were arranged in 4x4 Latin square design. The animals were provided with natural grass hay (T1), untreated finger millet straw (T2), EM2 treated finger millet straw (T3) and urea treated finger millet straw (T4) diet ad libitum and all treatments were supplemented with concentrate mix. Results of chemical analysis of the treated finger millet straw showed that the treated straw had good nutritive value. The daily dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) intakes were significantly (P<0.001) different among the treatments with the highest intake observed for cows fed EM2 and urea treated finger millet straw (T3 and T4). Milk yields varied significantly among the dietary treatments with the lower mean milk yield recorded for cows in T1 and T2 as compared to those in T3 and T4. This study indicated that EM2 and urea treated finger millet straw diet increased the net return. Feeding EM2 and urea treated finger millet straw with concentrate mix was found to be an effective approach to maximize the utilization of locally available feed resources for relatively high animal productivity during the dry season for small scale dairy keepers in rural areas. Therefore, the result demonstrated that EM2 and urea treated finger millet straw had better feeding value as compared to untreated finger millet straw and natural grass hay for lactating crossbred dairy cows. VL - 6 IS - 3 ER -
Email: